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Author (up) Amirhusin, B; Shade, RE; Koiwa, H; Hasegawa, PM; Bressan, RA; Murdock, LL; Zhu-Salzman, K doi  openurl
  Title Protease inhibitors from several classes work synergistically against Callosobruchus maculatus Type Journal Article
  Year 2007 Publication Journal of Insect Physiology Abbreviated Journal J Insect Physiol.  
  Volume 53 Issue 7 Pages 734-740  
  Keywords  
  Abstract Targeting multiple digestive proteases may be more effective in insect pest

control than inhibition of a single enzyme class. We therefore explored possible

interactions of three antimetabolic protease inhibitors fed to cowpea bruchids in

artificial diets, using a recombinant soybean cysteine protease inhibitor scN, an

aspartic protease inhibitor pepstatin A, and soybean Kunitz trypsin inhibitor KI.

scN and pepstatin, inhibiting major digestive cysteine and aspartic proteases,

respectively, significantly prolonged the developmental time of cowpea bruchids

individually. When combined, the anti-insect effect was synergistic, i.e., the

toxicity of the mixture was markedly greater than that of scN or pepstatin alone.

KI alone did not impact insect development even at relatively high

concentrations, but its anti-insect properties became apparent when acting

jointly with scN or scN plus pepstatin. Incubating KI with bruchid midgut extract

showed that it was partially degraded. This instability may explain its lack of

anti-insect activity. However, this proteolytic degradation was inhibited by scN

and/or pepstatin. Protection of KI from proteolysis in the insect digestive tract

thus could be the basis for the synergistic effect. These observations support

the concept that cowpea bruchid gut proteases play a dual role; digesting protein

for nutrient needs and protecting insects by inactivating dietary proteins that

may otherwise be toxic. Our results also suggest that transgenic resistance

strategies that involve multigene products are likely to have enhanced efficacy

and durability.		  
  Address Indonesia Center for Agricultural Biotechnology and Genetic Resources Research  
  Corporate Author Thesis  
  Publisher Place of Publication Editor  
  Language Summary Language Original Title  
  Series Editor Series Title Abbreviated Series Title  
  Series Volume Series Issue Edition  
  ISSN ISBN Medium  
  Area Expedition Conference  
  Notes Approved no  
  Call Number CSU Fresno @ umuller @ Serial 31  
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